(ISC)2 Certified in Cybersecurity Practice Exam

What technology provides the translation that assigns public IP addresses to privately addressed systems that wish to communicate on the Internet?

1. TLS

2. HTTP

3. SSL

4. NAT

The correct answer is: NAT

The technology that assigns public IP addresses to privately addressed systems, allowing them to communicate on the Internet, is Network Address Translation (NAT). NAT acts as an intermediary between private networks and the Internet, enabling devices with private IP addresses—typically used within a local area network (LAN)—to access external resources. When a device on a private network wants to communicate over the Internet, NAT translates the private IP address to a public IP address that is routable on the Internet. This translation occurs both when the request is sent out and when responses are received, allowing the NAT device to keep track of which private IP address corresponds with which external communication. This not only conserves the limited number of available public IP addresses but also provides a level of security by masking the internal network structure. The other options do not pertain to this specific function. TLS (Transport Layer Security) and SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) are protocols designed for securing communication over a computer network, mainly for encrypting data during transmission, but they do not perform any address translation functions. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for transferring hypertext requests and information on the web, but it also does not handle IP addresses or perform translations between private and public IPs