(ISC)2 Certified in Cybersecurity Practice Exam

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What is the term for the process of applying secure configurations to reduce vulnerability?

Fortification
Hardening
Securing
Lock-down Procedure

The correct answer is: Hardening

The term that accurately describes the process of applying secure configurations to reduce vulnerability is "hardening." Hardening involves implementing various security measures to strengthen a system against potential attacks and unauthorized access. This process includes disabling unnecessary services, removing unused software, applying security patches, and adjusting settings to minimize exposure to security risks. Hardening is crucial in enhancing the resilience of systems, networks, and applications by ensuring that they are configured to operate with a reduced attack surface. By focusing on the principle of least privilege and tightening access controls, hardening helps organizations protect sensitive data and maintain system integrity against cyber threats. Other options, while they may have overlapping elements with hardening—such as fortification, which generally refers to strengthening defenses, or locking down systems—do not specifically encapsulate the comprehensive approach that hardening signifies in cybersecurity practices.