(ISC)2 Certified in Cybersecurity Practice Exam

What is the main function of a data loss prevention (DLP) system?

1. Monitor and prevent unauthorized transmission of sensitive data

2. Back up data securely

3. Encrypt data on storage devices

4. Provide secure file sharing options

The correct answer is: Monitor and prevent unauthorized transmission of sensitive data

The main function of a data loss prevention (DLP) system is to monitor and prevent unauthorized transmission of sensitive data. DLP solutions work by identifying, monitoring, and protecting sensitive information across various contexts, whether that be data at rest, in motion, or in use. By employing policies and technology, a DLP system can detect when sensitive data is being transferred outside of a defined policy set, such as through email, cloud storage, or other communication channels, and block or take actions to prevent that transmission. The focus on preventing unauthorized transmissions is vital in safeguarding sensitive information such as personal identification data, financial records, or intellectual property from being leaked or mishandled. DLP solutions frequently utilize content inspection and contextual analysis to ensure compliance with regulatory mandates and to protect organizational data assets. The other options, while related to data security, serve different primary functions. Backing up data securely focuses on data recovery and redundancy, while encrypting data deals with protecting data confidentiality rather than preventing its leakage. Secure file sharing options are more about enabling safe collaboration rather than preventing data loss specifically.