(ISC)2 Certified in Cybersecurity Practice Exam

What is the function of a firewall in network security?

1. To manage user accounts

2. To monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic based on rules

3. To provide physical security for the server room

4. To analyze employee productivity

The correct answer is: To monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic based on rules

A firewall plays a crucial role in network security by monitoring and controlling incoming and outgoing traffic based on established security rules. Its primary function is to create a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. By doing this, a firewall can prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network, helping to protect sensitive data from potential cyber threats. Firewalls analyze data packets and can be configured to allow or block traffic based on specific criteria, such as IP addresses, protocols, and port numbers. This capability is vital in stopping malicious activities, such as hacking attempts or the transmission of harmful malware. By setting up proper rules within a firewall, organizations can tailor their security posture to fit their unique needs, allowing for a safer operating environment. In contrast, choices that focus on managing user accounts, providing physical security, or analyzing employee productivity do not align with the primary purpose of a firewall, which is dedicated to safeguarding network traffic and maintaining the integrity of data communications.