What do standards describe in a security context?

In a security context, standards refer to mandatory security controls. They establish specific requirements that organizations must adhere to in order to manage security risks effectively. Standards are often derived from established norms and frameworks that guide organizations in implementing robust cybersecurity measures. They are designed to ensure consistency and compliance across various systems and processes, making sure that security objectives are met uniformly.

While best practices, advisory procedures, and general guidelines can provide useful insights and recommendations for improving security, they are generally not mandated and may vary in application. Best practices serve as effective strategies based on expert consensus but do not carry the weight of a requirement. Advisory procedures offer suggestions and recommendations for security measures but lack enforceability. General guidelines provide a broad outline of security policies without the specific actionable controls needed to create compliance. Therefore, standards are uniquely positioned as the framework that dictates mandatory security controls, ensuring that organizations implement the necessary safeguards to protect their information assets.