What concept involves enforcing data hiding during software development?

The concept that involves enforcing data hiding during software development is encapsulation. Encapsulation is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming. It refers to the bundling of data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit known as a class. This approach restricts direct access to some of an object's components, which is a form of data hiding.

By using encapsulation, developers can safeguard the internal state of an object from unintended interference and misuse, thus promoting a clear separation between the internal workings of a class and its external interface. This is particularly useful in reducing complexity and increasing the maintainability of the code. Encapsulation allows for controlled access through public methods, or interfaces, while keeping sensitive data or functions hidden from the outside world. This ensures that only the intended interactions occur, enhancing the security and integrity of the system.

The other concepts, while relevant in the context of software and data protection, do not specifically address the aspect of data hiding in the same way. Segmentation refers to breaking down processes or memory into segments for management purposes; encryption deals with transforming data to secure it from unauthorized access; and access control involves permissions and rights regarding what different users or systems can do with data or resources but